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VBA

ELK-Black Basta

A finance employee opened a malicious Excel macro from a drive-by download, which executed a VBS dropper, loaded WindowsUpdaterFX.dll via regsvr32, established persistence, dropped Pancake.jpg.exe as a C2 backdoor, performed internal reconnaissance, laterally moved to a domain controller via PsExec using compromised credentials, exfiltrated client data to MEGA via rclone, deleted shadow copies, and deployed BlackBasta ransomware.

CDEF-Obfuscated

A malicious Word document uses a password-protected AutoOpen macro to drop and execute js script, which decrypts an embedded blob into stage2.js. It is a implant that establishes persistence via a hidden scheduled task, collects system reconnaissance, and beacons to two compromised WordPress C2 servers, downloading and executing a next-stage .pif payload